Remainders and Factors

If the remainer is 0 when one polynomial is divided by another polynomial, the divisor and the quotient are factos of the dividend.

Graph Changes

The graph of g(x)=f(x)-c is the graph of f shifted downward c units.

The graph of g(x)=f(x+c) is the graph of f shifted c units to the left.

The graph of g(x)=f(x-c) is the grapg of f shifted c units to the right.

The graph of g(x)=-f(x) is the graph of f reflected across the x-axis.

The graph of g(x)=f(-x) is the graph of f reflected across the y-axis.

The graph of g(x)=c X f (x) is the graph of f stretched or compressed vertically by a factor of c.

The graph of g(x)= f(c X x) is the graph of f stretched or compressed horzontally by a factor of 1/c.

Functions and Inverses

If f is a function, the following statements are equivalent:
  • the inverse of f is a function
  • f is one to one
  • the graph of f passes the horizontal line test
the inverse function, if it exists, is written as f^-1 where if y=f(x) then x=f^-1(y)

Function

A function consists of:
  • a set of inputs, called the domain
  • a rule by which each input determines one and only one output
  • a set of outputs called the range

Chapter Two Basics

When f is a function and a is a real number, the following are equivilant statements:
-a is a zero of the function y=f(x)
-a is an x-intercept of the graph of f
-a is a solution, or root, of the equation f(x)=0

The only number whose square root is a zero is zero itself.

A fraction is zero only when its numerator is zero and its denominator is nonzero.

Chapter One Basics

A sequence is an ordered list of numbers.

A sequence is defined recursively if the first term is given and there is a method of determining the nth term by using the terms that precede it.

A sequence is defined explicitly if terms are determined by their position.

An arithmetic sequence is a sequence in which the difference between each term and the preceding term is a constant.

Recursive form: Un=Un-1+d

Explicit form: Un=U1+ (n-1)d

Parallel Lines have equal slopes.

The product of the slopes of perpendicular lines is -1.

The difference between an actual data value and a predicted data value is called a residual.

The correlation coefficent has the same sign as the slop of the least squares regression line.

A geometric sequence is a sequence in which terms are found by multiplying a preceding term by a nonzero constant r.

From Holt Precalculus: A Graphing Approach